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凌霄

Chinese trumpet vine|ノウゼンカズラ

Campsis grandiflora · 紫葳科 Bignoniaceae

凌霄
摄影:Ethan Schovanek,来自 iNaturalist,公有领域 / CC0 授权。照片未经修改(仅缩放)。
颜色
橙、红
地区
日本与温带东亚
花期
夏
花形
喇叭形

识别特征

落叶藤本,长达 10 余米,靠气生根攀附墙壁和树干。叶对生,奇数羽状复叶,小叶深绿,边缘有锯齿。夏季在枝顶开出大型的橙红色喇叭花,花冠直径可达 7 厘米,裂片平展、内有红色脉纹,排成下垂的圆锥花序,满墙如霞,古名「紫葳」「苕华」。比美国凌霄耐寒性略差,但花大得多。

栖息环境

墙垣、老树、石山和庭院花架,喜阳光、温暖湿润,稍耐荫,耐水湿和轻度盐碱,需要排水好的土。

分布

原产东亚,中国长江流域以南和华北广泛栽培和野生,日本栽培(日文名「凌霄花」,平安时代传入);新加坡无。凌霄属只有中国凌霄和美国凌霄两种。

花期

6 到 8 月,盛夏最盛;北方 7 月。花朵整朵掉落,地上常有一层橙红。

拍摄建议

以下为 FilmAnalysis 编辑的拍摄经验,不是资料来源中的内容。

满墙的橙红花以灰白的墙或蓝天为背景最干净,顺光下橙红饱和、逆光下花冠透出脉纹,减半档。喇叭的纵深正面用中焦,内部的红色脉纹用微距。老墙、灰瓦和凌霄是传统的夏日画面;落在地上的整朵花俯拍。

适合的摄影风格

灰墙上的橙红花瀑;喇叭花的脉纹微距。

相似物种

美国凌霄(花冠筒细长、花小、橙红偏红,叶小叶多);杂种凌霄(两者杂交,栽培);炮仗花(花小、橙、筒状成串,春季,华南)。

相关徽章

暂无。本种还没有经过验证的照片识别,所以没有对应的徽章:图鉴里有名字不等于照片里有证据。

本页插图为 FilmAnalysis 原创绘制。照片来自 iNaturalist,授权和作者见图下说明。

收录缘由:本种来自 赏花清单(GBIF 分类骨干与维基数据核对)。名称以GBIF 分类骨干和维基数据为准,事实依据下列资料来源,照片识别暂不提供。

资料来源

Flora & Birds › Flowers

Chinese trumpet vine

凌霄 · ノウゼンカズラ

Campsis grandiflora · Bignoniaceae

Chinese trumpet vine
Photo: Ethan Schovanek, via iNaturalist, public domain / CC0. Unmodified apart from resizing.
Colour
orange, red
Region
Japan and temperate East Asia
Season
summer
Shape
trumpet

Identification

A deciduous vine over 10 m long, climbing walls and trunks by aerial roots. Opposite odd-pinnate leaves with dark green serrated leaflets. In summer large orange-red trumpet flowers up to 7 cm across with spreading lobes veined red inside, in drooping panicles at the branch tips, a wall covered in them like sunset cloud; the ziwei and tiaohua of ancient texts. Slightly less hardy than the American trumpet vine but far larger-flowered.

Habitat

Walls, old trees, rockeries and garden trellises, in sun, warmth and moisture, slightly shade-tolerant, tolerant of wet and mildly saline ground, needing good drainage.

Distribution

Native to East Asia, widely grown and wild south of the Yangtze and in northern China, grown in Japan (nōzenkazura, introduced in the Heian period); absent from Singapore. The genus has only two species, the Chinese and the American.

Season and behaviour

June to August, peaking in high summer; July in the north. Whole flowers drop, leaving a layer of orange-red on the ground.

Photography tips

These are the FilmAnalysis editors' notes, not content from the sources.

A wall of orange-red is cleanest against grey-white wall or blue sky, saturated in front light and veined against it, half a stop under. The depth of the trumpet from the front with a medium lens, the red veins inside with a macro. Old walls, grey tiles and trumpet vine make the traditional summer picture; whole fallen flowers from above.

Photographic styles

A cascade of orange-red on a grey wall; veined trumpet macro.

Similar species

American trumpet vine (slender tube, smaller redder flowers, more leaflets); the hybrid trumpet vine (a cross of the two, cultivated); flame vine (small orange tubes in strings, spring, southern China).

Related badge

None yet. No validated photo recognition exists for this species, so no badge is tied to it: a name in the encyclopedia is not evidence in a photograph.

The illustration is original FilmAnalysis artwork. The photograph is from iNaturalist; its licence and author are under it.

Why it is listed: this species comes from the Flower checklist (GBIF backbone and Wikidata verified). Names follow the GBIF backbone and Wikidata; the facts follow the sources below; photo recognition is not offered.

Sources