花鸟图鉴 › 花卉

垂丝海棠

Hall crabapple|ハナカイドウ

Malus halliana · 蔷薇科 Rosaceae

垂丝海棠
摄影:Kaden Slone,来自 iNaturalist,以 CC BY 4.0 授权。照片未经修改(仅缩放)。
颜色
粉
地区
日本与温带东亚
花期
春
花形
花簇
IUCN 等级
数据缺乏 (DD)

识别特征

乔木,高达 5 米,枝开展。花粉红色,花梗细长、紫色、下垂,花朵一朵朵垂挂如丝,「垂丝海棠」由此得名;果实紫色,小。常被当作樱花,区别在于花梗颜色(紫红而非绿)、花形(花瓣不缺刻、半开成杯状)和花叶同放。又名福建山樱花。中国特有(也有人认为原产日本)。

栖息环境

山坡和溪边的疏林,更常见于庭院、寺院和公园,也作盆栽;是中国传统的名花,与西府海棠并称。

分布

中国特有,江苏、浙江、安徽、陕西、四川、云南等地有野生;各地庭院广泛栽培,日本有栽培(日文名「花海棠」,江户时代引入,京都寺院多见)。新加坡无。

花期

3 月底到 4 月中,与樱花同时,花期约一周;秋季小果。

拍摄建议

以下为 FilmAnalysis 编辑的拍摄经验,不是资料来源中的内容。

下垂的花朵要仰拍,让粉花挂在天空前,紫红的细花梗是与樱花最好的区别,取进画面;柔光下粉红最准。半开的杯状花比全开的更有「海棠」韵,微距拍侧面。寺院的红墙和黑瓦是传统背景。

适合的摄影风格

垂丝下挂的粉花;寺院红墙前的春日。

相似物种

西府海棠(花梗短、直立,花色更淡,果可食);樱花(花梗绿、花瓣有缺刻、花多先叶);海棠花(M. spectabilis,花梗短)。

相关徽章

暂无。本种还没有经过验证的照片识别,所以没有对应的徽章:图鉴里有名字不等于照片里有证据。

本页插图为 FilmAnalysis 原创绘制。照片来自 iNaturalist,授权和作者见图下说明。

收录缘由:本种来自 赏花清单(GBIF 分类骨干与维基数据核对)。名称以GBIF 分类骨干和维基数据为准,事实依据下列资料来源,照片识别暂不提供。

资料来源

Flora & Birds › Flowers

Hall crabapple

垂丝海棠 · ハナカイドウ

Malus halliana · Rosaceae

Hall crabapple
Photo: Kaden Slone, via iNaturalist, licensed CC BY 4.0. Unmodified apart from resizing.
Colour
pink
Region
Japan and temperate East Asia
Season
spring
Shape
cluster
IUCN status
Data Deficient

Identification

A tree to 5 m with spreading branches. Pink flowers on long slender purple drooping stalks so that each flower hangs as if on a thread, hence the Chinese name hanging-thread crabapple; small purple fruit. Often mistaken for cherry, but told by the purple-red (not green) pedicels, the un-notched petals half-open into a cup, and flowering with the leaves. Also called Fujian hill cherry. Endemic to China, though some hold it native to Japan.

Habitat

Open woodland on hillsides and by streams, and more often in gardens, temples and parks, also in pots; a classic flower of Chinese tradition alongside the Xifu crabapple.

Distribution

Endemic to China, wild in Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Shaanxi, Sichuan and Yunnan; widely planted in gardens everywhere, and grown in Japan (hanakaidō, introduced in the Edo period, frequent in Kyoto temples). Absent from Singapore.

Season and behaviour

Late March to mid-April with the cherries, about a week; small fruit in autumn.

Photography tips

These are the FilmAnalysis editors' notes, not content from the sources.

Hanging flowers want an upward view, pink against the sky, with the slender purple pedicels in the frame as the best distinction from cherry; pink is truest in soft light. The half-open cup has more of the crabapple character than a fully open flower, in side macro. Red temple walls and black tiles are the traditional backdrop.

Photographic styles

Pink flowers hanging on threads; spring before a temple's red wall.

Similar species

Xifu crabapple (short upright pedicels, paler, edible fruit); cherries (green pedicels, notched petals, mostly before the leaves); Malus spectabilis (short pedicels).

Related badge

None yet. No validated photo recognition exists for this species, so no badge is tied to it: a name in the encyclopedia is not evidence in a photograph.

The illustration is original FilmAnalysis artwork. The photograph is from iNaturalist; its licence and author are under it.

Why it is listed: this species comes from the Flower checklist (GBIF backbone and Wikidata verified). Names follow the GBIF backbone and Wikidata; the facts follow the sources below; photo recognition is not offered.

Sources