花鸟图鉴 › 花卉

山樱

Japanese cherry|サトザクラ

Prunus serrulata · 蔷薇科 Rosaceae

山樱
摄影:Myrabella,来自 Wikimedia Commons,以 CC BY-SA 3.0 授权。照片未经修改(仅缩放)。
颜色
粉、白
地区
日本与温带东亚
花期
春
花形
花簇

识别特征

乔木,高 3 到 8 米,树皮灰褐或灰黑色,枝无毛。叶卵状椭圆形或倒卵椭圆形,5 到 9 厘米,边缘有渐尖的单锯齿和重锯齿,齿尖有小腺体;叶面深绿。花 2 到 3 朵成伞房状,白色或粉色,花瓣先端有缺刻,与叶同时或稍早开放。「山樱」既指这个野生种,也指由大岛樱培育出的众多里樱品种(如「关山」「普贤象」);日本的园艺樱花大多是多个野生种复杂杂交的产物。

栖息环境

山地杂木林、林缘和溪谷,也广泛栽培于公园、河岸和寺院;日本吉野山的「山樱」以野生种为主。

分布

野生于日本、中国、朝鲜半岛和越南;中国华北到华南的山地常见,日本本州以南的山地常见;栽培品种遍植世界温带。新加坡无。

花期

3 月下旬到 4 月,比染井吉野稍晚,与新叶同时展开;里樱品种可到 5 月初。花期约一周。

拍摄建议

以下为 FilmAnalysis 编辑的拍摄经验,不是资料来源中的内容。

山樱与新叶同开,红褐色或绿色的新叶是它区别于染井吉野的画面特点,把叶和花一起拍。白中带粉的花在阴天最有层次;逆光下花瓣透亮,减半档。吉野山的「一目千本」用长焦压缩远山的粉白斑块。

适合的摄影风格

花与新叶同开的山樱;远山的粉白。

相似物种

染井吉野(花先于叶,淡粉近白,花量更大);大岛樱(花白、叶绿、有香);大山樱(北方,花色更深)。

相关徽章

花鸟册里的「樱花」:当视觉模型在照片里明确认出樱花并在你评分后解锁。徽章只认到「樱花」这一层,不区分具体的种,也不会因为这一页存在就解锁。

本页插图为 FilmAnalysis 原创绘制。照片来自维基共享资源,授权和作者见图下说明。

收录缘由:本种来自 赏花清单(GBIF 分类骨干与维基数据核对)。名称以GBIF 分类骨干和维基数据为准,事实依据下列资料来源,照片识别暂不提供。

资料来源

Flora & Birds › Flowers

Japanese cherry

山樱 · サトザクラ

Prunus serrulata · Rosaceae

Japanese cherry
Photo: Myrabella, via Wikimedia Commons, licensed CC BY-SA 3.0. Unmodified apart from resizing.
Colour
pink, white
Region
Japan and temperate East Asia
Season
spring
Shape
cluster

Identification

A tree 3–8 m tall with grey-brown to grey-black bark and hairless branches. Ovate-elliptic to obovate-elliptic leaves 5–9 cm with tapering single and double serrations tipped with small glands; dark green above. Flowers two or three in corymbs, white or pink, the petals notched at the tip, opening with or slightly before the leaves. Yamazakura means both this wild species and the many sato-zakura cultivars derived from the Oshima cherry (such as 'Kanzan' and 'Fugenzō'); most Japanese garden cherries are complex hybrids of several wild species.

Habitat

Mixed hill forest, forest edge and valleys, and widely planted in parks, on river banks and in temple grounds; the cherries of Mount Yoshino are mainly this wild species.

Distribution

Wild in Japan, China, Korea and Vietnam; common in the hills from northern to southern China and from Honshu south in Japan; the cultivars planted throughout the temperate world. Absent from Singapore.

Season and behaviour

Late March to April, slightly after the Yoshino cherry and together with the new leaves; the sato-zakura forms run into early May. About a week in flower.

Photography tips

These are the FilmAnalysis editors' notes, not content from the sources.

The wild cherry opens with its leaves, and the red-brown or green new foliage is what distinguishes it from the Yoshino cherry in a picture, so include leaves with the flowers. White-pink flowers have most depth under cloud; against the light the petals glow, half a stop under. Yoshino's thousand trees in one view compress with a long lens into patches of pink-white on the far hills.

Photographic styles

Wild cherry opening with its new leaves; pink-white on distant hills.

Similar species

Yoshino cherry (flowers before leaves, paler and more abundant); Oshima cherry (white, green leaves, scented); sargent cherry (northern, deeper colour).

Related badge

The album badge "cherry blossom" unlocks when the vision model explicitly names a cherry blossom in your photo and you rate the analysis. The badge stops at "cherry blossom": it does not tell species apart, and this page existing unlocks nothing.

The illustration is original FilmAnalysis artwork. The photograph is from Wikimedia Commons; its licence and author are under it.

Why it is listed: this species comes from the Flower checklist (GBIF backbone and Wikidata verified). Names follow the GBIF backbone and Wikidata; the facts follow the sources below; photo recognition is not offered.

Sources