花鸟图鉴 › 花卉

山牵牛

Bengal clockvine|ベンガルヤハズカズラ

Thunbergia grandiflora · 爵床科 Acanthaceae

山牵牛
摄影:S.MORE,来自 iNaturalist,公有领域 / CC0 授权。照片未经修改(仅缩放)。
颜色
蓝、紫、白
地区
新加坡与热带亚洲
花期
全年
花形
喇叭形

识别特征

常绿大藤本,可爬到 20 米高,根系发达、主根深;嫩茎绿色、有毛、四棱,老茎褐色、圆、木质化。叶对生,叶柄长达 10 厘米,叶形多变,卵形、心形到三角形或有角状裂片,长达 22 厘米,表面粗糙,基出三到五脉。花大,漏斗状,淡蓝紫色,喉部淡黄或白,直径约 7 厘米,成串下垂。种加词意为「大花的」。

栖息环境

山地灌丛、林缘和河岸,海拔 400 到 1500 米;广泛种植于棚架、围墙和公园,在许多地方归化甚至入侵。

分布

原产印度、中南半岛和中国福建、海南、广西、广东;新加坡的棚架和公园极常见,华南栽培常见,日本仅冲绳有栽培。

花期

热带几乎全年开花,雨季后最盛;华南 6 到 11 月。每朵花开一两天,棚架上天天有新花。

拍摄建议

以下为 FilmAnalysis 编辑的拍摄经验,不是资料来源中的内容。

淡蓝紫在直射光下发白,柔光或半阴才准;逆光下喉部的淡黄透出来。成串下垂的花适合仰拍,以天空或深绿叶做背景。大叶的心形和粗糙质感用侧光。花量大,别拍一朵,拍一串。

适合的摄影风格

棚架上垂挂的蓝紫喇叭;热带浓绿中的淡色。

相似物种

桂叶山牵牛(叶披针形、全缘,花相似);翼叶山牵牛(花小、橙黄带黑心,草质藤);牵牛花(草本,旋花科,花更小)。

相关徽章

暂无。本种还没有经过验证的照片识别,所以没有对应的徽章:图鉴里有名字不等于照片里有证据。

本页插图为 FilmAnalysis 原创绘制。照片来自 iNaturalist,授权和作者见图下说明。

收录缘由:本种来自 赏花清单(GBIF 分类骨干与维基数据核对)。名称以GBIF 分类骨干和维基数据为准,事实依据下列资料来源,照片识别暂不提供。

资料来源

Flora & Birds › Flowers

Bengal clockvine

山牵牛 · ベンガルヤハズカズラ

Thunbergia grandiflora · Acanthaceae

Bengal clockvine
Photo: S.MORE, via iNaturalist, public domain / CC0. Unmodified apart from resizing.
Colour
blue, purple, white
Region
Singapore and tropical Asia
Season
year-round
Shape
trumpet

Identification

A large evergreen vine climbing to 20 m with a long root system and a deep taproot; young stems green, pubescent and square, old ones brown, round and woody. Opposite leaves on stalks up to 10 cm, very variable from ovate and cordate to triangular or angularly lobed, up to 22 cm long, rough above, with three to five veins from the base. Large funnel flowers, pale blue-violet with a pale yellow or white throat, about 7 cm across, in hanging strings. The epithet means large-flowered.

Habitat

Hill scrub, forest edge and river banks at 400–1,500 m; widely planted on pergolas, walls and in parks, naturalised and even invasive in many places.

Distribution

Native to India, Indochina and China's Fujian, Hainan, Guangxi and Guangdong; very common on Singapore's pergolas and in its parks, commonly grown in southern China, and in Japan only cultivated in Okinawa.

Season and behaviour

Flowers almost all year in the tropics, most after the rains; June to November in southern China. Each flower lasts a day or two and a pergola has new flowers daily.

Photography tips

These are the FilmAnalysis editors' notes, not content from the sources.

Pale blue-violet bleaches in direct sun and is true only in soft light or half shade; against the light the pale yellow throat shows. The hanging strings suit an upward view against sky or dark leaves. The heart-shaped, rough leaves want side light. With so many flowers, shoot a string rather than one.

Photographic styles

Blue-violet trumpets hanging from a pergola; pale colour in tropical green.

Similar species

Laurel clockvine (lanceolate entire leaves, similar flowers); black-eyed Susan vine (small orange flowers with black eye, herbaceous); morning glories (herbaceous, Convolvulaceae, smaller).

Related badge

None yet. No validated photo recognition exists for this species, so no badge is tied to it: a name in the encyclopedia is not evidence in a photograph.

The illustration is original FilmAnalysis artwork. The photograph is from iNaturalist; its licence and author are under it.

Why it is listed: this species comes from the Flower checklist (GBIF backbone and Wikidata verified). Names follow the GBIF backbone and Wikidata; the facts follow the sources below; photo recognition is not offered.

Sources